Shoe for pneumatic tires.



No. 814,377. PATENTED MAR. 6, 1906.

J. W. HYATT.

SHOE Pom .PNEUMATIG TIRES.

APPLICATION FILED MAYZZ. 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

lll lllllllll .mnuumln m m 'hmmnnunnunmmuunm l" IllllllllllllllIlllllllll m No. 814,377. I TATBNTED MAR. 6, 1906.

' J. W. -HYATT.

SHOE TOR PNBUMATIG TIRES. APPLTGATION FILED MAY'22,1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED "STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' JoHN wl HYATT.l 0E.` NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

, A1\i '.`s14,`3'2"7. l 'speeicaeion of Letters Patent. warranted-Marchaisee,

.To alt whom it may .Cvwerm i l Wholly coversuch Wire rings and unitethem` Beit known that I, JOHN W. HYATT, a citisecurely to the cords ofthe warp. i zeiof the United States, and a resident of The inventionwill be understood by refer-v 141 Commerce street, Newark, county ofEsence to the annexed drawings, in Which- 6'o sex, and State of NewJersey, have invented Figure 1 is4 a side .elevation of a diagram'-eertaiii new and useful Improvements in matic character, showing theWarp for one of l 'i Shoes for Pneumatic Tires, fully described theshoes with apart of the filling' applied and represented in thefollowing specication transversely te the warpV and' illustrating andthe accompanying drawings, forming a some of the agencies'forsewingthesame. 65. part of the same. i Fig. 2 is a plan of the samewiththewarp-g j The object of the present invention is to strands formed from asingle spirally-wound furnish an improved construction for an endlcordand the op osite sides'of the shoebeing less trough-shaped shoe forpneumatic tires, indicated mere y by dotted lines; Fig 3 one adapted tothoroughly sustain thev errshows the strands of the warp formed of a ine7.o

pansive pressure of the pneumatic tube, to. cord with its coils dividedinto groups'.` Fig.

v yield in 'a suitable degree to the pressure of 4is a crosssection online 4 4 in Fig. 1 Fig. -the load, and one inwhich the principal 5 is anelevation of the comb shown in Fig. 4.-'

strain may be sustained bystrands or threads "Fig, 6 is a cross-sectionon line 6 6 in Fig. 7, extended directly from edge`to edge of the andFig. 7 shows in diagrammatic form a 75 fabric which formsthe shoe. Warpwoun'd from alarge cord with endless l, The invention is especiallyadapted for the Wire rings at its opposite ed es. Figs. 1 to 7manufacture of shoes having Wire rings at ope are. drawn upon a very smal scale, While the positeedges to confine them in thewheelremainingfigures are drawn upon a much rim',- but thearticle covers, broadly, anendlarger scale, Fig. 8 showing one edge of the 8o less trough-shapedshoe comprising a spirallyfabric formed by stitching the warp threadslWound Warp with a transverse filling, having together transversely andFig. 9 the o posite selvagesat the opposite edges of the shoe. edgeWhere the selvage is differently ormed. Such a shoe is made trough shapein cross- Fig. 10 shows a piece of cord adapted to form section with the/opening of the trough toa complete strand of. the fabric. Figl 11 is a85 ward the center of the shoe, and Wire rings cross-section of the shoewith the longitudiapplied to the edges 'of the trough are therenalstrands and the transverse stitching-loops fore 'smaller'in diameterthanany other art. shown upon a part of the same to'illustr'ate In themanufacture of this article I crm their formation and their connectionwith the the warp by Winding a cord or aseries of parf Awire ring at theedge of the shoe. l allel cords spirally (over a suitable former) Toillustrate a spiral winding of the Warp,

into circular trough shape, the winding coina coarse cord isshown inFig. 7 wound into mencing at one ofthe edges of the shoe and fourteencoils a a a2, suitable for separate' the cord or series of cords beingwound once strands, and the opposite ends of the' cord or endsfasconnected to the last coilV by the wrappings Zi. 95

' tened to the adjacent coil, the winding ofthe Endless Wire rings c areshown at opposite cord-being then continued into progressively edges ofthe coils, the section in Ggshowlarger .spirals until the center of theshoe is ing the trench-shaped disposition of the coils reached, whichforms the outermost diameter and rings, w iich makes the coils a at theedges ofthe same, and the Winding then forming thesmallest' in diameterand the coil a,2 at the roo decreasing s irais to the opposite edge ofthe center of the -width the largest in diameter, tire, Where t e endofthe cord is attached to While the intermediate coils ci are ofinterme- `the lastwinding-coil.'l To sew or weave aiilldiate diameter.To connect such coils by a ing transversely upon such' a Warp, I flattentransverse iilling, the coils and rings c are j the -same-upon'a,transverse line at one' part supported in asuitable mannerand thetrough 105" fthe periphery, Whichipermitsthe app caiattened transverselyfor a small space d d,

.tion of swin orfweavinr instrumentalities as shown in Fi 1 so that itma be su e, f Y P Ito connect the cords of the warp) together, ported bya be e and the filling connected eat :u

- transversely andforin'a selvag oth edgesj of the fabric. ,Bysupporting-,winnings ad- O -,the troug -the trans'- was theWarp-strands. A row of combto separate the strands of the Warp,

` .verse filling 'can bemade to embrace vand and onelof a row or gang'ofsixteen needles g' i is shown extended transversely across' i io isshown in Fig. 1 carrying a filling-thread z.. The needle-bar carryingthe row of needles, is in practice reciprocated so as to carry each ofthe filling-threads transversely across one of the strands, as shown ath in Fig. 11, an under thread Z being inserted by'suitable means throughthe loops of the several threads '/t and connected to the same at theedges of the fabric to forin a selvage, as shown, where the wires j areillustrated in Figs. 8 and 9. The warp would be fed in the direction ofthe arrow m in' Fig. 1, and the transverse filling is shown completedfrom the needles g to a point g upon the warp. rihe wire ring in suchtires is commonly formed of several coils of piano-wire with the endssoldered together, thus forming a rigid inexpansible'ring, and severalof such wires are shown forming the ring in Figs. 8, 9, and 1].. Anopening /c is shown in the bed e for the passage of the row of needlesg; but it is immaterial what means be used for applying the transversefilling to the warp-strands, as weaving oi sewing devices. of anysuitable character are equivalent to one another for such purpose.

In connecting the warp-strands by a transverse-filling the coils of thewarp are divided by the transverse coinb adjacent to the point where thefilling is applied into strands which may consist each of a single largecord, such as is shown in Fig. 10, or of a group of smallerv cords, asshown in Fig. 3. Vhere the warp is made with a large cord, it is woundwith the same number of coils as the spaces in the f comb, as shown inFigs. 2, 5, 6, and 7, each threads between the several strands.

cord forming a strand of the war (lettered a3 in Fig. 2,) andlthefilling is applied in such manner as to lay vtransverse` threads aboveand below suoli strands and to connect'such Where the warp is made froma small cord, the comb operates to separate the coils into groupsforming strands a4, as shown in Fig. 3, which groups are connectedtransversely in the same manner as the larger cords. (Shown in Fig. 2.)The strands connected transversely by the filling-threads h and l inFigs. 8 and 9 would operate precisely the same whether formed of asingle large cord or of a group of small cords, as shown, respectively,in Figs. 2 and 3.

`-Such shoes are in practice coated with india-rubber to piotect them.from moisture and wear, and such rubber is molded thereon underpressure and then vulcanized, and such coating of indiafrubber isindicated at n upon the left side of Fig. 11,' where seven of thestrands are fully shown. It will be observed in this figure that theunder thread 7, extends transversely across the inner side of the shoeand serves by its connection at the selvage with the wire rings tofirmly resist the expansion of` the pneumatic tube when secured over thesame. The outer looped threads l1,

do not extend directly across the strands and, do notI therefore, resistsuch expansion; but theirlooped connection with the under thread l givesthe fabric a great degreel of flexibility and permits it to -yield underthe load much more readily than if threads extended straight across theinner and outer sides of the fabric. T he extension of the outer threadto the inner side of the fabric in the form-of loops also forms channelsor grooves p between the strands into which the rubber coating can beforced when molded upon the fabric, and the tongues ofrubber extendinginto such grooves form a strong and elastic junction between the coatingand the fabric, and thus secure the adhesion ofthe rubber, whilepermitting the fabric to yfield in the desired manner..

-Tli,, durab'ility of the tire is increased if the strain of' thepneumatic tire is sustained chiefiy -by the threads extending directlyacross the shoe from one of the wire rings to the other and if -less ofthe strain be sus-.

tained by or transmitted to the strands of the warp.

It is found in practice very difficult to hold the strands slack duringthe application' of the filling to the strands, so as to secure anyslackness of the spiral coils when the fabric is finished; but suchslackness can be positively A secured by moistening the cord before itis wound into the form of a warp, which has the effect of shortening thec ord. By applying the transverse filling to the warp while the warp isin this moistened condition the fabric can be completed, and whenafterward dried the coils of the warp become slightly lengthened, whichproduces a slight amount of slackness and relieves them from any.excessive tension to strain and rupture them.

It is well known that cords and yarns formed of twisted fibers arealways shortened by inoistening, as such moisture increases the diameterof the cord, and therefore the circuit around it in which the twistedfibers are disposed. The circuit being greater, the fibers are drawn upand the length of the cord is diiiiiiiished. The nioistening of the cordbefore winding it into the form required for the warp and themaintaining of such a moistened condition during the application of thefilling eimits the slackening of the warp after the abric is completed,with the result of throwing the principal strain upon the transversefilling, which extends directly across the shoe. Vhere the shoe isprovided in the edges with rigid wire rings and theshoe is strained by apneumatic tube, the loosening of the warp when dried places it underless tension than the wire rings, and thus throws the strain largelyupon the rings, which are not at all exposed to wear or flexure in thevoperation of the tire and are therefore affected less injuriously bysuch strain.

It will be observed that when the warp is wound spirally a single cordsuffices to form IOO i'io

a larve number of strands which b r sewinfT D l C or weaving operationsmay be supplied with a suitable transverse filling, and Figs. 2 and 3show that such strands maybe formed of a continuous spirally-Wound cordwhether such cord be madeof the same size as a single strand, as in Fig.2, or` very much smaller, as in Fig.' 3'. The spiral arrangement of thestrands permits all the strandsto be formed lfrom the fact that in onlyfourteen of the' of a singie cord, and itis obvious that strands can bewound upon a Lsuitable former with than if endless circular strands wereemployed, which require te be wound separate from one another. it isobvious that the advanages. of the invention in this respect would hesecured if two. spiral cordsl were empl:v ed and each extendedfroni oneedge ofthe ooe to the middle or largestcoil. Such a construction wouldhe a mere evasion of my invention, as it would-obviously be an* may beeffected after the winding by' means.

of the comb shown in the drawings, A'where strands are shown in 0r- 'derthat the construction may be more clearly represen ted.

In practice the forward feed of the warpv as the'filling is appliedthereto is 'in a spiral direction, following the inclination of thestrands which is shown in Figs. 4 and 7 and when the feeding movementbrings the lwrappings b (shown in Figi 7) against the .comb suchwrappings are eut and removed, so as to permit a complete rotation ofthe warp beneath the filling appliances, the fill .ing already appliedthen serving to hold the strands in place instead of the wrappings.

The advantages of the present invention lie in the formation of a fabricwith rings at the edges which are engaged in a selvage upon the fillingofa circular warp and in the formationof the. warp by means of'aspiiall'y-disposed cord, which the winding of the warp linto a suitabletrough-like shape.

Having thus set forth the nature of the invention, what is claimedherein isl An endless'.trough-shaped shoe for pneumatic tires,comprising an endless Warp with wire rings at opposite edges and atransverse thirty or forty much greater facility whenidisposed spirally'y groups, with a selvage at filling having selvage at opposite edgesAengaging such rings.

2. An endless troughshaped shoe for pneumatic tires, comprising aspirally Wound warp with a transverse filling having selvages at' theopposite edges of the sh'oe.

3. An endless trough-shaped shoe for pneumatic tires, comprising acontinuous spirallywound warp with a transverse filling of sewedstitches forming a selvage at the opposite edges of the shoe.

4. An endless trough-shaped shoe for pneumatic tires, comprising aspirallywound Warp with Wire rings at opposite edges, with a transversefilling having selvages embracing the Wire rings. 1

5. An endless trough-shaped shoe for pneumatic tires, comprising aspirally wound warp with wire rin s at opposite. edges, and a transversefilling o selvage at the opposite edges embracing the wire rings.

6. An endless trough-shaped shoe for pneulmatic tires, having a singlecontinuous spiral cord comprisin the warp, and a filling of transversestitc es dividing the coils of the cord into groups, wherebythe lateralflexibility ofthe shoe is secured.

7. An endless trough-shaped shoe for pneumatic tires, having a singlecontinuous spiral cord comprising the warp,fand a filling of transversestitches dividing thecoils of the .cord into groups with intermediatechannels between the groups upon the outer. side yof the shoe, to admitbetween the groups.

8. An endless trough-shaped shoe for pneulmatie tires, having a singlecontinuous spiral cord comprising the warp, livith wire rings atopposite edges, and a filling of transverse stitches dividing the coilsof the cord into each edge of the shoeembracing the said wire rings.

9. 'A trough-shapedshoe for pneumatic tires comprising a spirally-woiindwarp, a filling of transverse stitches forming continuous parallelstrands with continuous channels or grooves p between the same, `and anindiarubber coatingforced into such. grooves, the groovesandrubbertongues in the saine permitting great flexibility in thefabric. greatly facilitates whereof` I' have hereunto -set presence 'oftwo subscribing In testimony my hand in vthe witnesses.

f JOHN w. HYATT; Witnesses:

L. LEE, 1 ATHOMAS S. CRANE.

the india-rubber coating s eWed stitches forming a IOO IIO

